Check out the other posts in this series! Emergent Part 1, Perceptual Part 2, Figurative Part 3, Initial Number Sequence Part 4, Intermediate Number Sequence Part 5,
Get the full overview in one place! Presented at the Making Math Moments Summit, you can get the full presentation here!
A student in this stage will be able to use many non-counting-by-ones strategies to solve addition and subtraction problems such as
Compensation- adding a number and then subtracting to make a problem easier to solve but remembering to add or subtract the number you added
Using a known result, common in number strings
Making tens
Doubles and near-doubles
Decomposing numbers
Commutativity (realize the order of the addends does not change the answer in addition problems)
Subtraction as the inverse of addition
What do I look out for?
Can count forwards and backward to 100 and beyond
Can skip count by 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, and 10s
Recognize numbers to 100 and many 3-digit numbers but numbers with a zero in the tens place may still be tricky.
Will understand tens and ones like knowing that 26 is two tens and six ones
May be able to use skip counting and repeated addition to solve multiplication and division problems like finding out the number of items altogether in equal groups or arrays
How can I help students in this stage of counting?
Your students are really getting into a flow at this stage. They are ready for more challenging and complex problems! Continue giving them opportunities to make sense of numbers and how they work!
Students at this stage are ready to
work on adding and subtracting two-digit and three-digit numbers, with various strategies.
multiplication and division with skip counting, repeated addition, and arrays.
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